"Ophthalmology is defined as the medical and surgical specialty related to the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders and diseases".

"Ophthalmology specialists attend to patients with ocular pathology. Their competencies include the study, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of eye conditions". 

Teaching activities 

• Training of students completing a degree in Medicine at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, in the subject of Ophthalmology, corresponding to the fourth year of that academic pathway.
• Organisation of doctoral courses included in official programmes to obtain the necessary credits for a doctoral degree.
• Supervision and tutoring of doctoral theses in the specialty of ophthalmology. This includes the entire process of completing a doctoral thesis: from choosing a topic, through field work and statistical study, to presenting the thesis before a panel of judges and the subsequent awarding of the doctoral degree.
• Internal residency training in the specialty of ophthalmology. The number of MIR places accredited each year in the specialty of ophthalmology at Vall d'Hebron Hospital varies between three and four depending on the Department's requirements.
• Complementing the training of MIR doctors from other hospitals, through training placements in our Department.
• Continuous training of the different professionals who make up the Ophthalmology Department. Includes clinical sessions (two a week for the entire Department, one presented by an attending physician and another by a resident, and one weekly for sub-specialty) and the organisation of conferences within our Department. To make the most of these, official accreditation is requested by official bodies.

he training of resident specialists in ophthalmology requires a special mention in this section, as it is one of our Department's priorities. To this end, we have a teaching structure based on each resident having a tutor, who is responsible for accompanying the resident during the four years of training. The ratio is one tutor for every 3-4 residents. They are responsible for ensuring the resident integrates into the Department, resolving any problems that may arise during the residency and acting as a means of communication between the various attending physicians, the Department Head and the resident. Tutors meet periodically with the residents they tutor, the other tutors in the Department and ultimate teaching leads (the Department Head and the Teaching Director). This is all geared towards achieving the best training profiles for our residents, so that by the end of the residency they are prepared to perform their professional role within the specialty with the utmost professionalism.

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Guarantee of excellent surgical training.
• Guards in peers of Residents.
• All subspecialities in the center, including pediatrics.
• Research and active research.
• Theoretical Attachment Sessions 4x/Week 
• Extra practical training in surgery simulators.
• Course and congressional attendance.
• External rotational capability (4th year).
• Great environment in service.

The Nephrology Teaching Unit has a resident training programme with the following key tracks: extensive training in internal medicine, specific training in nephrology, in-depth knowledge of treatment techniques for renal failure, practical knowledge on diagnosis and therapies in nephrology, and practical knowledge of the role of the nephrologist in community healthcare.

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Because we are a tertiary hospital with outstanding departments. The number of patients who pass through the centre offers great potential for learning and gaining of experience.
• Because we cover most specialisations and you will have the opportunity to see complex conditions and to use cutting-edge diagnostic techniques and treatments.
• Because our training programme can adapt to the initiative and vocation of each resident, with more emphasis on patient-contact or research according to their needs.

Internal medicine is a core medical speciality that is practised primarily in hospital settings, providing comprehensive care to sick adults. It uses a medical approach in the prevention, diagnosis, therapeutic indication and follow-up of diseases in adults, including during their rehabilitation and palliative care. Internists are the backbone of the hospital, offering their versatility in acute and emergency hospitalisation; carrying out consultancy roles in primary care; and offering innovation in areas other than conventional hospitalisation and in the socio-health field. 

The teaching unit is made up of 3 different departments. These include the Internal Medicine Department, which is broken down into the Systemic Autoimmune Disease Department, the Internal Medicine - Hepatology Department and the Infectious Disease Department. The Internal Medicine department is made up of different units which independently treat patients suffering from complex pathologies (Pleural Unit, Thromboembolic Diseases Unit, Autoinflammatory Diseases Unit and the Autoimmune Diseases unit). 

In daily practice, resident medical staff visit patients together alongside specialist physicians. During these visits, medical records are drawn up and physical examinations are carried out. Visits can also entail clinical ultrasounds, diagnostic-therapeutic examinations (thoracentesis, paracentesis, arthrocentesis, liver biopsy, etc.) as well as differential diagnoses and the provision of diagnostic guidance. The pertinent examinations are requested and the treatment is duly adjusted. 

During the IMR training, internal medicine residents learn how to diagnose and manage the most commonly found diseases on hospital wards and in internal medicine consultations. They will also learn about the most commonly treated pathology in other medical fields, obtaining a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary training that will allow them, upon the completion of their residency programme, to tackle a wide range of clinical scenarios with complete independence.  

Moreover, in terms of specific areas of interest, residents will learn how to manage immunosuppressive therapies and patients suffering from cirrhosis, HIV and nosocomial infections, amongst other pathologies.  

On-duty shifts are carried out in the A&E department in combination with inpatient care, preparing the Internal Medicine resident to treat critically ill patients in a fully independent manner upon the completion of their IMR training. It should be noted that residents treat patients suffering from a broad range of medical pathologies, meaning experience is gained in the management of patients suffering from conditions such as shock, respiratory failure (intubation and mechanical ventilation) and cardiac arrest.

Healthcare, teaching (sessions) and research tasks are carried out on a daily basis in all Internal Medicine departments. The Internal Medicine IMR will be progressively incorporated into these sessions, and will also participate in the research groups of his/her interest. 

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Because we are a tertiary hospital with cutting-edge services. The volume of patients at the site offers great potential for teaching and acquiring experience through a multi-disciplinary comprehensive training programme. 
• Because, unlike other sites, we offer specific training programmes: general internal medicine, autoimmune diseases, hepatology and infectious diseases. 
• Because we cover most medical specialities, and you will have the chance to study complex pathologies and apply cutting-edge diagnostic and treatment methods.
• Because we have a Rapid Diagnosis Unit in which you can participate, as well as a multi-purpose day hospital which is coordinated by our department. 
• Because we perform the most cutting-edge diagnostic procedures (capillaroscopies, ultrasounds, PET/CT scans) in the Autoimmune Disease Unit; because we have more than 50 years’ experience in the treatment of patients with these kinds of complex diseases; and because we are a reference CSUR (Sites, Departments and Units of Reference) for this pathology. 
• Because in the Hepatology Unit you will have the most modern diagnostic procedures at your disposal and you will be able to participate in the treatment of portal hypertension-related complications, liver transplants and the use of the pioneering drugs.
• Because in the Infectious Diseases department you will have the most pioneering diagnostic procedures at your disposal, and you will also receive an introduction to imported pathologies, HIV monograph consultations, the management of diseases in organ transplant and immunosuppressed patients, etc.
• Because in the Pleural Unit you will be taught how to carry out a clinical diagnosis while learning how to detect pleural effusion in scans (ultrasound, x-ray and PET/CT). You will also collaborate with the thoracic surgery department throughout the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process. 
• Because you will learn how to manage venous thromboembolism, including the indication of acute and chronic invasive therapies. 
• Because you will carry out a differential diagnosis of multiple pathologies, including constitutional syndrome, study tumours and fevers without a focus. 
• Because you will receive training in the A&E department, carrying out on-duty shifts in the “pool” system. On-duty shifts in the A&E department and the hospitalisation ward.
• Because the Department is made up of specific national and international reference units. 
• Because we treat patients who have been admitted to surgical departments (Traumatology, General Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery) and the Obstetrics-Gynaecology Department in a collaborative manner, learning to assess pathologies related to these specialities.
• Because we offer you the chance to participate in peer to peer education. We feel that we learn how to communicate by teaching. 
• Because the resident collaborates in clinical studies during the final years of their specialist training. He/she will then present their results at a national congress and, if possible, publish them.
• Because the different departments are in contact with national and international scientific reference groups, which means ample opportunities for periods abroad at the end of the residency programme.
• Because you will participate in theoretical and practical courses with local, national and international certification.
• Because you will present clinical sessions under the supervision of the responsible physicians. During these sessions, open cases will be reviewed and closed cases will be discussed. You will also have the chance to attend clinical-pathological and bibliographical conferences. 
• Because you will have the chance to do rotation placements away from the site, depending on your areas of interest.
• Because we facilitate the training and scientific methodology for the various research lines, thus helping you obtain pre-doctoral grants for your doctoral thesis.
• Because during your residency, we offer you the chance to collaborate on tasks in some of your preferred research lines. This will allow you to focus your doctoral thesis on the topic that is of greatest interest to you.
• Because our teaching adapts to the initiative and vocation of each resident, with options ranging from the most care-oriented to the most research-oriented programmes.

The specialisation of haematology and haemotherapy plays a clinical role in addition its involvement with the haemotherapy laboratory. This means it is one of the central hospital departments, which have to supply other departments with any studies or tests requested quickly and to a high standard. This activity requires significant organization, appropriate quality control, and planning and management to foresee future needs.

Another feature of haematology and haemotherapy is the wide range of disorders and techniques it deals with, which include haematopoietic stem cell transplants. 

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Because we are a tertiary hospital with outstanding departments. The number of patients who pass through the centre offers great potential for learning and gaining experience.
• Because we cover most specialisations and you will have the opportunity to see complex conditions and to use cutting-edge diagnostic techniques and treatments.
• Because our training programme can adapt to the initiative and vocation of each resident, with more emphasis on patient-contact or research according to their needs.

Hospital Pharmacy is a pharmaceutical specialisation that takes care of the population’s pharmaceutical needs through selecting, preparing, acquiring, controlling and dispensing medication; providing information on medications; and other activities aimed at ensuring the correct, safe and cost-effective use of medication and healthcare products for the benefit of patients in the hospital environment and its sphere of influence.

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Because you will learn criteria and methods to appropriately select medications in the hospital setting, taking into account their effectiveness, safety, quality and cost.
• Because you will gain knowledge to manage acquisition and to establish guidelines for the storage and expiration periods of medication selected, with the aim of covering the needs of the hospital and evaluating the acquisition of healthcare materials. You will see how to set up a dispensing, distribution and usage system for medication, to make it safer and more effective in line with the attributes of the particular hospital.
• Because you will take part in clinical activities in collaboration with the rest of the care team to ensure that every patient receives the appropriate pharmacological treatment, and will establish lines of communication between pharmacist and patient.
• Because you will participate in Artificial nutrition, Clinical pharmacokinetic and Drug safety programmes.
• Because you will be able to access research and clinical trials on information and use of medications, pharmaceutical technology, clinical pharmacokinetics, artificial nutrition, drug safety, and all areas that contribute to the rational use of medication in general.

This includes basic clinical knowledge of diagnostic techniques, dietary and therapeutic measures and all aspects of preventative medicine related to these fields. Other specialist departments are also involved in the Endocrinology and Nutrition Teaching Unit, such as Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Nephrology, Neurology, Paediatrics, Nuclear Medicine, and the Nutritional Support Unit and the Accident and Emergency Department.

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Because we are a tertiary hospital with outstanding departments. The number of patients who pass through the centre offers great potential for learning and gaining of experience.
• Because we cover most specialisations and you will have the opportunity to see complex conditions and to use cutting-edge diagnostic techniques and treatments.
• Because our training programme can adapt to the initiative and vocation of each resident, with more emphasis on patient-contact or research according to their needs.

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Because you will be trained in the care, diagnosis and treatment of skin problems, and will be able to advise patients on how to prevent dermatological conditions.
• Because you will be able to spend a significant part of your residency on the severe and complex dermatoses seen in a technologically advanced hospital such as Vall d’Hebron. This means you will be able to work in subspecialisations such as cutaneous oncology and hospital admissions due to dermatological disorders as well as in the Day Hospital.
• Because at the end of the residency you will have gained experience in therapeutic management of the most common dermatoses, which are likely to be the most common reason for patient visits throughout your career.
• Because you will have mastered complementary diagnostic examination procedures and therapeutic techniques specific to the specialisation, such as phototherapy, cryotherapy, and dermatoscopy.
• Because you will be able to undertake rotations in the unit on cutaneous tumours, minor dermatological outpatient surgery, paediatric dermatology, and outpatient clinics on oncohaematological cutaneous diseases and pigmented lesions.

Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?

• Because we are a tertiary hospital with outstanding departments. The number of patients who pass through the centre offers great potential for learning and gaining of experience.
• Because we cover most specialisations and you will have the opportunity to see complex conditions and to use cutting-edge diagnostic techniques and treatments.
• Because our training programme can adapt to the initiative and vocation of each resident, with more emphasis on patient-contact or research according to their needs.